Is Development Continuous Or Discontinuous
Tin y'all think dorsum to when you were in elementary school? Who were you lot then compared to who you are at present? Would yous say you've gradually changed or adult through what seemed like stages? These questions address 1 of the major issues in developmental psychology: continuity vs discontinuity.
- What is continuity vs discontinuity in psychology?
- What is the difference between continuous and discontinuous evolution?
- What is continuous development in the issue of continuity vs discontinuity in human development?
- What is discontinuous development in the issue of continuity vs discontinuity in homo development?
- What are some continuous vs discontinuous development examples?
Continuity vs Discontinuity in Psychology
Continuity vs discontinuity in psychology is a dorsum-and-forth fence, especially in developmental psychology, similar to the nature versus nurture debate and the stability versus change fence.
Developmental psychology is a field of psychology that focuses on studying concrete, cerebral, and social changes through a life bridge.
Research and ascertainment are essential in how developmental psychologists form continuity vs discontinuity development theories. They volition ofttimes comport either a cross-sectional written report or a longitudinal study.
A cross-sectional report is a type of research study that observes people at different ages and compares them at the same indicate in time.
Cantankerous-sectional studies can show us how unlike groups of unlike ages differ. Discontinuity theories of development tin can benefit the about from this type of report equally it tin reveal whatsoever noticeable differences in development to assist course stages of development.
A longitudinal study is a type of inquiry study that follows the same people over some time while periodically retesting them for any changes or developments.
Continuity theories of development often benefit from a longitudinal study as they tin show how a person has gradually progressed through life.
Divergence Betwixt Continuous and Discontinuous Development
And then what is the difference between continuous and discontinuous evolution? The answer partially lies in the goals of the researcher. Researchers who support continuous development often view development equally a deadening and continuous process. They ordinarily emphasize learning and personal experiences as significant factors shaping our identity.
For example, social learning is heavily based on what we pick upwards from our parents/caretakers, siblings, friends, and teachers. This is probable to be developed continuously rather than in stages.
Fg. 1 Child development, Unsplash.com
On the other hand, researchers who often support discontinuous evolution seem to focus on how our genetic predispositions progress gradually through steps or sequences. These sequences may happen at varying speeds for everyone, but everyone passes through each stage in the aforementioned social club.
Maturity tin vary for everyone. But many of us will refer to the process of "maturing" past using ages. For example, thirteen-twelvemonth-olds unremarkably know how to sit however in class better than iii-year-olds. They are at different stages.
Continuous Evolution
Think of continuous development to mean consistency . We grow continuously from pre-school to old age, virtually as if life were an elevator that never stopped. Even though we often talk about life equally stages, such as adolescence, the specific biological changes that occur at this time happen gradually.
When because continuity vs aperture in human being development, continuous development usually refers to quantitative changes throughout development.
Quantitative changes: refers to changes that occur in the quantity or number related to a person (i.e. measurements)
For example, a baby starts immobile, then sits up, crawls, stands, and walks. Continuity theorists would emphasize the gradual transition as a child learns to walk rather than qualifying each alter as a distinct step.
An example of a theory that is oft considered continuous is Lev Vygotsky'southward theory of sociocultural development. He believed that children acquire gradually past using scaffolds they learn from parents, teachers, and other children.
Scaffold: the assist and back up a child receives that enables them to progress to college levels of thinking.
As a kid is offered more than and more scaffolds, they can gradually motion to higher levels of thinking.
This is why educators should consider continuity vs discontinuity in the classroom. Teachers aware of when a child is at an optimal time for growth should be prepared to offer more than scaffolds. This will help the child gradually move to higher levels of thinking.
Discontinuous Development
Discontinuous development can be idea of as stages with distinct qualitative changes. Discontinuity theories of psychology tin besides mean phase theories.
Qualitative Changes: refers to development that occurs in the quality or characteristics of a person (i.e. moral reasoning)
The most referenced phase theories in developmental psychology:
-
Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development
-
Lawrence Kohlberg'southward theory of moral evolution
-
Erik Erikson'due south psychosocial evolution
-
Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages of development
Permit's take a brief look at the different types of phase theories:
| Theorist | Type of Development | Stages | Overall Premise |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jean Piaget | Cerebral Evolution |
| Children learn and think nearly the earth through spurts of change in singled-out stages. |
| Lawrence Kohlberg | Moral Evolution |
| Moral development builds on cognitive development through distinct, progressive stages. |
| Erik Erikson | Psychosocial Evolution |
| Each stage has a crisis that must have a resolution. |
| Sigmund Freud | Psychosexual Development |
| Children develop personality and identity through pleasure-seeking energies they must cope with at each phase. |
Each of these theories describes development by using distinct stages with distinct differences. Discontinuous development theories can be beneficial to developmental psychologists in that they offering means to characterize individuals of dissimilar ages. Retrieve that developmental psychologists' main priority is to written report alter. What better fashion to do and so than through distinct, clear-cut stages?
Fg. 2 Discontinuity theories of evolution are like stairs, Unsplash.com
Continuous vs Discontinuous Development Examples
Generally speaking, developmental psychologists do not country fully on ane side or the other on the outcome of continuity vs aperture in human development. Often, the context and the type of development play a significant role in whether or non psychologists accept a continuous vs discontinuous perspective. Let's look at a continuous vs discontinuous development instance in which both views are at play.
Even Piaget made it a bespeak to recognize the continuity between stages and that a child may straddle between ii stages during evolution.
A kid in a concrete operational stage may display singled-out characteristics of this stage, such as understanding conservation, while exhibiting characteristics of the previous phase, such as egocentrism. The child is making their way through the distinct stages at approximately the ages suggested, supporting discontinuous development theories. But on the other hand, the lines are blurred between the stages, and it would appear the child is gradually progressing rather than all of a sudden displaying the characteristics of the concrete operational stage. This supports continuous theories of development.
Continuous vs discontinuous evolution examples tin can besides be idea of in terms of nature.
Continuous development theories are similar to the growth of a plant you lot bought from the store. It starts with just a few leaves and gradually grows and grows to a bigger, more mature size. Discontinuous theories of development may be similar to a butterfly. The evolution of a butterfly progresses through singled-out stages, starting as a caterpillar, making a cocoon, and somewhen becoming a cute butterfly.
Continuity vs Discontinuity - Primal takeaways
- Continuity vs discontinuity in psychology is a back-and-forth debate in developmental psychology like to the nature versus nurture contend and the stability versus change fence.
- Researchers who support continuous development are commonly the ones who emphasize learning and personal experiences as major factors that shape who we are. On the other paw, researchers who often support discontinuous development seem to focus on how our genetic predispositions progress gradually through steps or sequences.
- Think of continuous evolution to mean consistency . We grow from pre-school to old age continuously, nigh as if life were an elevator that never stopped.
- Discontinuous development can exist idea of as stages with distinct qualitative differences. Discontinuity theories of psychology can also mean stage theories.
- Although Piaget characterized cognitive development through distinct stages, he did not view them every bit strict stages only best-selling the gradual nature betwixt stages.
Is Development Continuous Or Discontinuous,
Source: https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/psychology/developmental-psychology/continuity-vs-discontinuity/
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